Electret Condenser Microphone Manufacturer and Supplier
MANORSHI is a manufacturer and supplier of miniature electret condenser microphones, offering compact microphone capsules for electronic equipment, communication devices, security systems, smart home products and consumer electronics.
Our electret condenser microphone range includes compact microphone capsules with dimensions from approximately 4mm to 9.7mm. Available configurations include miniature two-wire microphones, SMD microphones and omnidirectional microphone capsules for different electronic design requirements.
MANORSHI microphones feature different frequency response ranges, sensitivity levels, operating voltages, current consumption and package dimensions. Selected models are designed for surface-mount PCB integration, while other models feature wire-lead connections for flexible installation.
We supply microphone components for electronic component distributors, OEM manufacturers, communication equipment producers, security system developers and consumer electronics manufacturers. Technical specifications and sample availability can be discussed according to individual project requirements.
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What Is an Electret Condenser Microphone?
An electret condenser microphone (ECM) is an electronic acoustic component that converts sound waves into electrical signals. It uses a permanently charged electret material to maintain an electric field within the microphone capsule, eliminating the need for an external polarization supply for the electret itself.
The microphone typically consists of an electret diaphragm, a conductive backplate, an internal acoustic structure and an impedance-conversion circuit. When sound waves reach the diaphragm, its movement changes the capacitance between the diaphragm and backplate, producing an electrical signal.
An internal field-effect transistor (FET) or equivalent impedance-conversion circuit is commonly used to provide a usable electrical output. Most traditional two-wire electret microphone capsules require DC bias supplied through an external circuit.
Electret condenser microphones are widely used in compact electronic products because they combine small dimensions, low current consumption and practical analog audio output.
Main Components of an Electret Microphone
Diaphragm: Responds to incoming sound pressure and vibrates according to the acoustic signal.
Electret Material: Maintains a permanent electric charge within the microphone structure.
Backplate: Forms the capacitive structure together with the diaphragm.
FET or Impedance Converter: Converts the high-impedance microphone signal into a more practical electrical output.
Housing: Protects the internal components and supports the mechanical structure.
Acoustic Port: Allows sound waves to reach the diaphragm.
Electrical Terminals: Connect the microphone to the host circuit or PCB.
How Does an Electret Condenser Microphone Work?
An electret condenser microphone converts acoustic pressure into an electrical audio signal through changes in capacitance. Its operation involves sound reception, diaphragm vibration, electrical signal generation and impedance conversion.
Sound Reception: Sound waves enter the microphone through the acoustic port and reach the diaphragm.
Diaphragm Vibration: Changes in sound pressure cause the diaphragm to move.
Capacitance Variation: The movement changes the distance between the diaphragm and backplate, resulting in capacitance variation.
Electrical Signal Generation: The changing capacitance produces a corresponding electrical signal.
Signal Conversion: The internal impedance-conversion circuit provides an output suitable for the external audio circuit.
The microphone's final performance depends on diaphragm characteristics, sensitivity, frequency response, signal-to-noise ratio, acoustic port design and the external bias circuit.
Electret Microphone Bias Voltage and Circuit Connection
A conventional two-wire electret microphone normally requires an external DC bias voltage. A bias resistor supplies operating current to the internal FET, while the audio signal is coupled to the following amplifier or audio input stage.
The bias voltage, resistor value and output coupling components should be selected according to the microphone datasheet and the input characteristics of the host circuit.
For low-noise applications, PCB designers should also consider power-supply noise, grounding, electromagnetic interference and the routing of sensitive analog audio signals.
MANORSHI Miniature Electret Microphone Product Range
MANORSHI offers miniature electret condenser microphone capsules in different package sizes and connection configurations. The product range includes ultra-compact 4mm microphones, 6mm microphone capsules and larger 9.4mm to 9.7mm designs.
Different models are available for applications requiring omnidirectional or unidirectional sound pickup, compact PCB installation or wire-lead connections.
| Model | Dimensions | Voltage Listed | Frequency Range | Listed SPL Field* | Current |
| ME94H65 | 9.4 × 6.5mm | 1–10V | 50–16,000Hz | 110dB | 500μA |
| ME97H67 | 9.7 × 6.7mm | 3V listed | 20–16,000Hz* | 110dB | 0.5mA |
| ME97H45 | 9.7 × 4.5mm | 2V | Confirm datasheet | 110dB | 0.5mA |
| ME40H15-W | 4 × 1.5mm | 2VDC listed | 20–16,000Hz | 115dB | 0.5mA |
| ME60H35 | 6 × 3.5mm | 3VDC | 100–20,000Hz | 110dB | 0.5mA |
| ME60H50 | 6 × 5mm | 2VDC | Confirm datasheet | 110dB | 0.5mA |
| ME60H27 | 6 × 2.7mm | 3V listed | 20–16,000Hz | 100dB | 500μA |
| ME60H22 | 6 × 2.2mm | 2VDC | Confirm datasheet | 100dB | 0.5mA |
| SMTE40H13 | 4 × 1.3mm | Confirm datasheet | Confirm datasheet | 110dB | Confirm datasheet |
*The SPL column reflects values published in the current category listing. For microphone capsules, this field may represent maximum input sound pressure level rather than acoustic output. Confirm the exact measurement definition and test conditions against the individual datasheet before engineering selection.
The nominal voltage and frequency data above are provided as a preliminary model-selection reference. Some category and individual product specifications require reconciliation. Please use the latest approved datasheet for final electrical design.
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Important Technical Specifications of Electret Microphones
Selecting an electret microphone requires evaluating its electroacoustic performance and compatibility with the host circuit. The following parameters are particularly important for product designers and electronic component buyers.
Microphone Sensitivity
Sensitivity describes the electrical output produced by a microphone under a specified sound pressure input. It is commonly expressed in dB relative to a reference voltage per unit of sound pressure, such as dB re 1V/Pa.
For example, a microphone with a sensitivity of -42dB generally produces a higher electrical output than a microphone rated at -50dB when both are measured using the same reference and test conditions.
When comparing sensitivity, always check the reference pressure, frequency, supply voltage and measurement method. Different reference units, such as 1V/Pa and 1V/μbar, must not be compared directly without conversion.
Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)
Signal-to-noise ratio measures the relationship between the desired audio signal and the microphone's background noise. It is normally expressed in decibels (dB).
A higher SNR generally indicates a cleaner audio signal under comparable measurement conditions. This parameter is particularly important for voice input, communication terminals and audio recording applications.
Frequency Response Range
Frequency response describes the range of sound frequencies that a microphone can capture. It is typically specified in hertz (Hz) or kilohertz (kHz).
For voice communication applications, the required frequency response may differ from that of wider-band audio capture systems. Engineers should also review the frequency response curve because a stated frequency range alone does not describe the microphone's sensitivity variation across the spectrum.
Maximum Input Sound Pressure Level
Maximum input sound pressure level indicates the highest acoustic input that a microphone can handle while meeting a specified distortion limit. It is commonly expressed in dB SPL.
This parameter is different from sensitivity. A microphone with a maximum input level of 115dB does not necessarily have higher sensitivity than one rated at 100dB.
Output Impedance
Output impedance affects how the microphone interfaces with the following amplifier or audio input circuit. Engineers should consider impedance matching, signal loading and the input impedance of the receiving circuit.
A suitable interface helps maintain signal level and audio performance. Refer to the individual microphone datasheet for the specified impedance and test conditions.
Operating Voltage and Current Consumption
Operating voltage defines the permitted DC supply range for the microphone circuit. Current consumption indicates the electrical current required during normal operation.
Many compact electret microphone capsules operate with relatively low current consumption, making them suitable for battery-powered electronic devices. The actual supply and current requirements depend on the internal FET circuit and external bias network.
Directivity and Acoustic Port Position
Directivity describes how a microphone responds to sound arriving from different directions. Common configurations include omnidirectional and unidirectional microphones.
The acoustic port may be positioned at the top, bottom or side of the package. Port position and directivity should be considered together when designing the microphone opening and enclosure structure.
Omnidirectional vs. Unidirectional Microphones
Microphone directivity affects how sound is captured from different directions. Selecting the correct pickup pattern helps optimize voice reception and reduce unwanted background sound in the intended application.
Omnidirectional Electret Microphones
An omnidirectional microphone is designed to capture sound from multiple directions around the capsule. It is useful when the speaker's position may change or when sound needs to be collected from a relatively broad area.
Typical applications include intercom systems, conference devices, voice-controlled electronics, communication terminals and general-purpose audio input equipment.
MANORSHI's ME60H22 and selected ME94H65 and ME97H67 configurations are listed with omnidirectional characteristics. Confirm the individual model specifications before selection.
Unidirectional Electret Microphones
A unidirectional microphone is designed to capture sound more strongly from a particular direction than from other directions. It can help improve the pickup of a desired sound source when the microphone is correctly positioned.
These microphones are useful in applications where the direction of the speaker or sound source is relatively predictable.
The MANORSHI ME60H27 product specification identifies a unidirectional pickup pattern. Refer to its datasheet for the complete directional response.
| Comparison | Omnidirectional | Unidirectional |
| Sound Pickup | Multiple directions | Primarily one direction |
| Speaker Position | More flexible | Requires more careful positioning |
| Typical Applications | Intercoms and conference devices | Directional voice pickup and communication devices |
| Selection Priority | Broad sound coverage | Sound-source direction |
SMD Microphone vs. Wire Lead Microphone
Electret microphones are available in different electrical connection and mounting configurations. The choice between SMD and wire-lead microphones depends on PCB assembly methods, product dimensions and mechanical installation requirements.
SMD Electret Microphone
An SMD microphone is designed for surface-mount assembly on a printed circuit board. Its compact package supports automated SMT production and helps reduce manual component installation.
The MANORSHI ME60H27 is a 6 × 2.7mm cylindrical SMD/SMT electret microphone. It is suitable for electronic designs requiring a compact microphone component and surface-mount installation.
Two-Wire Electret Microphone Capsule
A two-wire electret microphone capsule uses wire terminals to connect with the external bias and audio circuit. This configuration provides flexibility for PCB connections and mechanical installation.
MANORSHI offers two-wire microphone configurations such as ME40H15-W and ME60H35 for compact electronic products requiring wired connections.
| Comparison | SMD Microphone | Wire Lead Microphone |
| Mounting | Surface mount on PCB | Wire connection to the host circuit |
| Assembly | Automated SMT assembly | Wire insertion or soldering |
| Design Consideration | PCB footprint and acoustic port alignment | Wire length and mechanical positioning |
| Typical Applications | Compact PCB electronic products | Electronic devices with flexible installation requirements |
Applications of Electret Condenser Microphones
Miniature electret condenser microphones are widely used in electronic devices that require voice pickup, sound detection and analog audio input. Their compact size and low current consumption make them suitable for many space-constrained applications.
Communication Equipment and Intercom Systems
Intercom systems, communication terminals and voice communication devices use electret microphones to capture speech and convert it into electrical audio signals for further processing and transmission.
Smart Home and Voice Control Devices
Smart home controllers, voice-operated electronic products and remote control systems use miniature microphones to capture user commands and acoustic information.
Security and Surveillance Equipment
Security terminals and surveillance equipment may integrate electret microphones for audio monitoring, voice communication and sound detection. Directionality and signal-to-noise ratio should be considered according to the installation environment.
Consumer Electronics and Portable Devices
Portable electronic products use miniature microphone capsules to capture voice and ambient sound while maintaining compact internal layouts and low power consumption.
Industrial Control and Monitoring Equipment
Industrial electronic equipment can integrate microphones for voice communication, acoustic monitoring and operator interaction. Engineers should evaluate operating temperature, noise conditions and the microphone's electrical interface before selecting a model.
Electronic Instruments and Voice Input Devices
Electronic instruments and voice input systems use electret microphone capsules to capture sound for analog signal processing, recording or communication functions.
How to Select the Right Electret Condenser Microphone
Choosing the right microphone requires evaluating acoustic performance, electrical compatibility, package dimensions and the installation environment. The following factors can help engineers and purchasing teams identify a suitable model.
1. Define the Microphone Application
Determine whether the microphone will be used for voice communication, general sound pickup, surveillance or voice control. The application determines the required sensitivity, frequency response and pickup pattern.
2. Select the Appropriate Dimensions
Check the available installation space and PCB layout. MANORSHI offers miniature microphone capsules from approximately 4mm to 9.7mm in different package heights and structures.
3. Check Microphone Sensitivity
Choose a sensitivity specification that meets the required audio input level. Consider the reference pressure and frequency used for measurement when comparing different models.
4. Evaluate Signal-to-Noise Ratio
A suitable SNR is important for applications requiring clear voice pickup. Consider the surrounding noise environment and the signal processing capability of the host electronic system.
5. Confirm Frequency Response
Select a frequency response range suitable for the target audio application. Voice communication, general audio recording and acoustic monitoring may require different frequency characteristics.
6. Choose the Pickup Direction
Select an omnidirectional microphone when sound needs to be captured from multiple directions. Choose a unidirectional configuration when the sound source is located in a more predictable direction.
7. Confirm Operating Voltage and Current
Check the standard supply voltage, operating voltage range and current consumption. Ensure that the microphone is compatible with the available power supply and bias circuit.
8. Select the Correct Connection Type
Choose an SMD microphone for automated PCB assembly or a wire-lead capsule when flexible installation and wiring are required. Check terminal polarity and the recommended PCB footprint.
9. Evaluate the Acoustic Port and Enclosure
The acoustic port should align with the enclosure opening. Avoid obstructing the sound inlet with adhesive, protective materials or nearby components. The final enclosure may affect frequency response and acoustic performance.
10. Test Samples in the Final Electronic Product
Evaluate microphone samples using the actual bias circuit, PCB, enclosure and operating environment. Check sensitivity, noise, frequency response and signal quality before confirming the component for mass production.
Electret Microphone OEM and ODM Manufacturing
MANORSHI supplies miniature electret condenser microphones for electronic component distributors, communication equipment manufacturers, security product developers and OEM electronics producers.
Our product range includes different microphone dimensions, electrical characteristics, pickup patterns and connection configurations for various electronic applications.
For OEM and ODM project evaluation, customers can provide the following information:
Required microphone dimensions and package height.
Target sensitivity and measurement reference.
Required frequency response range.
Signal-to-noise ratio requirements.
Output impedance and audio interface requirements.
Standard operating voltage and current consumption.
Omnidirectional or unidirectional pickup pattern.
Maximum input sound pressure level.
SMD, wire-lead or other connection requirements.
PCB drawings, acoustic port position and enclosure dimensions.
Sample quantity and estimated annual purchase volume.
Customers can request technical datasheets, product drawings and samples for engineering evaluation. For specific requirements, our team can review the application and discuss the feasibility of suitable product configurations.
Customization availability, minimum order quantity, packaging and production lead time should be confirmed according to the selected model and project requirements.
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Frequently Asked Questions About Electret Condenser Microphones
1. What Is an Electret Condenser Microphone?
An electret condenser microphone is a sound sensor that converts acoustic pressure into electrical signals through changes in capacitance. It uses permanently charged electret material and typically includes an internal impedance-conversion circuit.
2. How Does an Electret Microphone Work?
Sound waves cause the microphone diaphragm to vibrate. This movement changes the capacitance between the diaphragm and backplate, generating an electrical signal that is processed by the internal FET or impedance-conversion circuit.
3. What Is the Difference Between an Electret Microphone and a MEMS Microphone?
An electret microphone uses a permanently charged electret material and a capacitive diaphragm structure. A MEMS microphone uses a microfabricated silicon mechanical structure and commonly integrates signal-conditioning electronics in a semiconductor package. Their manufacturing processes, package structures and electrical interfaces are different.
4. What Is the Difference Between an Electret Microphone and a Dynamic Microphone?
An electret microphone uses a capacitive sensing structure and normally requires DC bias for its internal impedance-conversion circuit. A dynamic microphone generates an electrical signal through electromagnetic induction and generally does not require the same bias supply arrangement.
5. What Does Microphone Sensitivity Mean?
Microphone sensitivity describes the electrical output generated for a specified acoustic input. It is generally expressed in dB relative to a reference voltage per unit of sound pressure. The reference unit and measurement conditions must be checked when comparing different models.
6. What Is the Difference Between Microphone Sensitivity and SPL?
Sensitivity measures the microphone's electrical response to sound pressure, while maximum input SPL indicates the highest acoustic input level the microphone can handle under a specified distortion limit. They are different technical parameters and should not be used interchangeably.
7. What Is SNR in an Electret Microphone?
SNR stands for Signal-to-Noise Ratio. It measures the difference between the desired audio signal and the microphone's background noise, expressed in decibels. A higher SNR generally indicates better signal quality under comparable test conditions.
8. Do Electret Condenser Microphones Require a Power Supply?
Conventional electret microphone capsules usually require a DC bias supply for the internal FET or impedance-conversion circuit. The electret material itself maintains a permanent charge, so it does not require an external polarization voltage. Follow the specific microphone datasheet for the correct bias circuit.
9. What Is the Typical Operating Voltage of an Electret Microphone?
Operating voltage depends on the microphone model and internal circuit design. MANORSHI's current product range includes capsules with listed operating voltage ranges of approximately 1–10V. The standard test voltage and recommended bias conditions should be confirmed in the individual datasheet.
10. What Is an Omnidirectional Electret Microphone?
An omnidirectional electret microphone is designed to capture sound from multiple directions around the capsule. It is suitable for applications such as intercoms, conference devices and general voice input systems where the sound source may move.
11. What Is a Unidirectional Electret Microphone?
A unidirectional electret microphone is designed to respond more strongly to sound arriving from a preferred direction. It can help focus sound pickup when the speaker or acoustic source is positioned in a predictable location.
12. What Is the Difference Between an SMD Microphone and a Wire Lead Microphone?
An SMD microphone is designed for direct surface mounting on a PCB using SMT assembly. A wire-lead microphone uses electrical wires to connect with the host circuit. The choice depends on the assembly process, mechanical layout and installation requirements.
13. Which MANORSHI Microphone Is Suitable for SMD Assembly?
The MANORSHI ME60H27 is a 6 × 2.7mm cylindrical SMD/SMT electret condenser microphone. It is designed for compact PCB integration. Confirm the footprint, port position and soldering conditions using its product drawing and datasheet.
14. Which MANORSHI Microphone Is Suitable for Very Small Electronic Devices?
MANORSHI offers compact microphone capsules including the 4 × 1.3mm SMTE40H13 and 4 × 1.5mm ME40H15-W. These models can be evaluated for electronic products with limited installation space.
15. What Is the Frequency Response of a Miniature Electret Microphone?
Frequency response varies by model and design. MANORSHI's published product range includes models with frequency ranges such as 20Hz–16kHz and 100Hz–20kHz. Consult the individual datasheet for the exact response curve and tolerance.
16. How Do I Choose Between a 4mm and 6mm Electret Microphone?
A 4mm microphone may be preferable when installation space is limited, while a 6mm microphone provides a different package size and acoustic design. Compare sensitivity, frequency response, SNR, maximum input SPL and mechanical dimensions before selecting a model.
17. Can Electret Microphones Be Used in Smart Home Devices?
Yes. Electret microphones can be integrated into smart home controllers, voice input devices, intercoms and other electronic products that require analog sound capture. Sensitivity, noise performance and pickup direction should be matched to the application.
18. Does MANORSHI Provide Electret Microphone Samples?
Customers can contact MANORSHI to confirm sample availability for selected microphone models. Please provide the model number, required quantity and application information for engineering evaluation.
19. Does MANORSHI Support OEM and ODM Microphone Projects?
MANORSHI supports OEM and ODM project evaluation for electronic component distributors and equipment manufacturers. Customers can submit their technical requirements, product drawings and estimated purchasing quantities to discuss suitable microphone configurations.
Contact MANORSHI for Electret Microphone Solutions
Looking for a miniature electret condenser microphone manufacturer for your electronic equipment, communication device or OEM product project?
MANORSHI supplies compact microphone capsules with different package dimensions, operating voltages, acoustic characteristics and connection configurations for electronic component distributors and manufacturers.
Send us your required microphone dimensions, sensitivity, frequency response, SNR, operating voltage and estimated purchase quantity. Our team can help evaluate suitable models and provide technical information for your project.
Contact MANORSHI for a Quotation
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